Tardigrades are microscopic organisms known for their remarkable ability to withstand extreme environmental challenges. Upon unfavourable changes of the environment, some tardigrade species undergo reversible morphological transformations and enter an ametabolic state called cryptobiosis. After the external conditions return to normal, they can come back to life. Tubulins are evolutionary conservative components of microtubule cytoskeleton that play critical roles in many cellular processes. We hypothesize that microtubules are necessary for morphological changes associated with entering and exiting cryptobiosis. Molecular composition of microtubule cytoskeleton in tardigrades is unknown. Therefore, we decided to analyze and characterize tardigrade tubulin genes.
Anotace v angličtině
Tardigrades are microscopic organisms known for their remarkable ability to withstand extreme environmental challenges. Upon unfavourable changes of the environment, some tardigrade species undergo reversible morphological transformations and enter an ametabolic state called cryptobiosis. After the external conditions return to normal, they can come back to life. Tubulins are evolutionary conservative components of microtubule cytoskeleton that play critical roles in many cellular processes. We hypothesize that microtubules are necessary for morphological changes associated with entering and exiting cryptobiosis. Molecular composition of microtubule cytoskeleton in tardigrades is unknown. Therefore, we decided to analyze and characterize tardigrade tubulin genes.
Klíčová slova
Tardigrades, cytoskeleton, tubulin, isotypes, phylogenetic tree
Klíčová slova v angličtině
Tardigrades, cytoskeleton, tubulin, isotypes, phylogenetic tree
Rozsah průvodní práce
118
Jazyk
AN
Anotace
Tardigrades are microscopic organisms known for their remarkable ability to withstand extreme environmental challenges. Upon unfavourable changes of the environment, some tardigrade species undergo reversible morphological transformations and enter an ametabolic state called cryptobiosis. After the external conditions return to normal, they can come back to life. Tubulins are evolutionary conservative components of microtubule cytoskeleton that play critical roles in many cellular processes. We hypothesize that microtubules are necessary for morphological changes associated with entering and exiting cryptobiosis. Molecular composition of microtubule cytoskeleton in tardigrades is unknown. Therefore, we decided to analyze and characterize tardigrade tubulin genes.
Anotace v angličtině
Tardigrades are microscopic organisms known for their remarkable ability to withstand extreme environmental challenges. Upon unfavourable changes of the environment, some tardigrade species undergo reversible morphological transformations and enter an ametabolic state called cryptobiosis. After the external conditions return to normal, they can come back to life. Tubulins are evolutionary conservative components of microtubule cytoskeleton that play critical roles in many cellular processes. We hypothesize that microtubules are necessary for morphological changes associated with entering and exiting cryptobiosis. Molecular composition of microtubule cytoskeleton in tardigrades is unknown. Therefore, we decided to analyze and characterize tardigrade tubulin genes.
Klíčová slova
Tardigrades, cytoskeleton, tubulin, isotypes, phylogenetic tree
Klíčová slova v angličtině
Tardigrades, cytoskeleton, tubulin, isotypes, phylogenetic tree
Zásady pro vypracování
1.Vypracování literární rešerše.
2. Příprava lokální databáze z dostupných genomů a transkriptomů želvušek a vyhledání vybraných cytoskeletálních proteinů pomocí programu BLAST a jejich klasifikace na základě fylogenetické analýzy.
3. Izolace RNA z želvušek, příprava cDNA, následná amplifikace vybraných genů a jejich charakterizace.
4. Přehledné zpracování výsledků a jejich diskuze.
Zásady pro vypracování
1.Vypracování literární rešerše.
2. Příprava lokální databáze z dostupných genomů a transkriptomů želvušek a vyhledání vybraných cytoskeletálních proteinů pomocí programu BLAST a jejich klasifikace na základě fylogenetické analýzy.
3. Izolace RNA z želvušek, příprava cDNA, následná amplifikace vybraných genů a jejich charakterizace.
4. Přehledné zpracování výsledků a jejich diskuze.
Seznam doporučené literatury
Findeisen, P., Mühlhausen, S., Dempewolf, S., Hertzog, J., Zietlow, A., Carlomagno, T., and Kollmar, M. (2014). Six subgroups and extensive recent duplications characterize the evolution of the eukaryotic tubulin protein family. Genome Biol. Evol. 6, 2274–2288. Garriga, E., Di Tommaso, P., Magis, C., Erb, I., Mansouri, L., Baltzis, A., Laayouni, H., Kondrashov, F., Floden, E., and Notredame, C. (2019). Large multiple sequence alignments with a root-to-leaf regressive method. Nat. Biotechnol. 37, 1466–1470. Hashimoto, T., Horikawa, D.D., Saito, Y., Kuwahara, H., Kozuka-Hata, H., Shin-I, T., Minakuchi, Y., Ohishi, K., Motoyama, A., Aizu, T., et al. (2016). Extremotolerant tardigrade genome and improved radiotolerance of human cultured cells by tardigrade-unique protein. Nat. Commun. 7, 12808. Janke, C., and Magiera, M.M. (2020). The tubulin code and its role in controlling microtubule properties and functions. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 21, 307–326. Roll-Mecak, A. (2020). The Tubulin Code in Microtubule Dynamics and Information Encoding. Dev. Cell 54, 7–20. Schill, R.O. (2018). Water Bears: The Biology of Tardigrades (Cham: Springer International Publishing)
Seznam doporučené literatury
Findeisen, P., Mühlhausen, S., Dempewolf, S., Hertzog, J., Zietlow, A., Carlomagno, T., and Kollmar, M. (2014). Six subgroups and extensive recent duplications characterize the evolution of the eukaryotic tubulin protein family. Genome Biol. Evol. 6, 2274–2288. Garriga, E., Di Tommaso, P., Magis, C., Erb, I., Mansouri, L., Baltzis, A., Laayouni, H., Kondrashov, F., Floden, E., and Notredame, C. (2019). Large multiple sequence alignments with a root-to-leaf regressive method. Nat. Biotechnol. 37, 1466–1470. Hashimoto, T., Horikawa, D.D., Saito, Y., Kuwahara, H., Kozuka-Hata, H., Shin-I, T., Minakuchi, Y., Ohishi, K., Motoyama, A., Aizu, T., et al. (2016). Extremotolerant tardigrade genome and improved radiotolerance of human cultured cells by tardigrade-unique protein. Nat. Commun. 7, 12808. Janke, C., and Magiera, M.M. (2020). The tubulin code and its role in controlling microtubule properties and functions. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 21, 307–326. Roll-Mecak, A. (2020). The Tubulin Code in Microtubule Dynamics and Information Encoding. Dev. Cell 54, 7–20. Schill, R.O. (2018). Water Bears: The Biology of Tardigrades (Cham: Springer International Publishing)
Přílohy volně vložené
Link to Electronic Supplemetary Material:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1lgEXZcxqENIgqJU_B4LLrzhylsyGH9F7?usp=sharing