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Lecturer(s)
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Konrádová Veronika, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Pokorný Vít, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Kroupa Daniel, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Peroutka David, ThLic. Ph.D.
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Řebíková Barbora, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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I. Introduction: the beginning of philosophy in Ancient Greece in the 6th century - the cultural and religious background of philosophy - what is characteristic of philosophical approach to the world - mythos and logos II. Presocratics: the oldest Greek thought: the problem of preservation - the questions of the first thinkers - natural philosophy: arche and the order of the world (Milesians, Parmenides, Heraclitus, Pythagoras, Empedocles, Anaxagoras, the atomists) - identity and difference - the relationship between thinking and being - the possibilities and limits of human knowledge (Xenofanes, Democritus) III. - IV. Sophistic movement and Socrates: Sophistic relativism - rhetoric and the power of speech, the possibility of ethical education, the opposition of fysis and nomos - Sophistic vs. Socratic dialogical practice - Socratic phrase "I know that I know nothing" V. - VIII. Plato: the way of Plato's writing: the form of a dialogue - the difference between knowledge and belief (episteme and doxa) in Plato's dialogues (the "Lecture of Geometry" in the dialogue Meno) - Plato's criticism of Sophists - Platonic similes (the Sun, the Line and the Cave) in the Republic - the diference between ideas and particulars - the conception of ideas in Plato's dialogues - the Platonic concept of the soul and the need to "care for the soul" IX. - XI. Aristotle: Aristotle's definition of philosophy - the polemic with philosophical predecessors - division of philosophical disciplines and the foundations of science - categories: usia and accidents - accidental and substantial change - Aristotle's concept of motion (dynamis and energeia) - hylemorphism (hyle and morfe) - ethics and politics - good life and arete XII. Hellenistic philosophy and the philosophy of late antiquity: philosophical thinking in a new cultural and political context - Stoics - Epicureans - Sceptics - the legacy of classical Greek philosophy in neoplatonism
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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unspecified
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Learning outcomes
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The course focusses on the interpretation of the history of ancient philosophy, and on the systematic examination of following topics: the beginnings of ontology with Presocratics, Aristotle's ontology and metaphysics, the Sophists and Sophistic relativism, the care of the soul in the thought of Democritus, Plato and Aristotle, the role of dialogue and dialectics in Plato, and the relevance of hédoné for Sophists and Hellenistic philosophers.
Learning outcomes: students will acquire the following academic knowledge: - can characterise the specifics of philosophy as an independent discipline - can use academic terminology - can distinguish fundamental traits of philosophy - can describe selected philosophical problems in various areas of philosophical inquiry - can set the most relevant issues of individual philosophical disciplines in historical context
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Prerequisites
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None.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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unspecified
The exam consists of a discussion on seminar paper and oral examination. Seminar paper on a selected topic must have a length of 5 pages (+/- 9000 characters, including spaces); the oral examination will be based on issues presented during the lectures.
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Recommended literature
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Aristotelés. Metafyzika; Rezek. Praha, 2008. ISBN 80-86027-27-9.
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Graeser, A. Řecká filosofie klasického období, Oikúmené, Praha. 2000.
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Heidegger, M. Aristotelova Met. IX,1-3. Praha, 2000. ISBN 80-7298-042-4.
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Hussey, E. Presokratici, Rezek, Praha. 1997.
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Kirk, G.S., Raven, J.E., Schofield, M. (eds.). Předsókratovští filosofové. Praha, 2004.
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Lear, J. Aristotelés. Touha rozumět. Praha, 2016.
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Long, A. Hellénistická filosofie. Praha, 2003. ISBN 80-7298-077-7.
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Platón. Sebrané spisy. Praha, 2003. ISBN 80-7298-067-X.
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Platón. Ústava. Praha, 1996.
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Ricken, F. Antická filosofie. Olomouc, 1999. ISBN 80-7182-092-X.
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Schmidinger, H. Úvod do metafyziky; OIKOYMNEH. Praha, 2012. ISBN 978-80-7298-417-6.
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Svoboda, K. Zlomky předsokratovských myslitelů. Praha, 1989.
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Vernant, J.-P. Počátky řeckého myšlení. Praha, 1993. ISBN 978-80-7298-393-3.
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