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Lecturer(s)
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Velímský Tomáš, doc. PhDr. CSc.
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Course content
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The teaching of the course in full-time form includes the following topics on a weekly basis: 1. On sources and literature. An overview of the general issue of the emergence of nobility in medieval European society 2. What we know about the early Slavic elites of the 6th-8th centuries 3. Elites in Great Moravia 4. The emergence of the Czech early feudal state of the Přemyslids and its organization, the role of princely retinues in the second half of the 9th and 10th centuries. 5. On the position of the class of chiefs and companions in the beneficiary period -11th early 12th century. 6. The gradual emancipation of the layer of princely warriors and officials during the 11th-12th centuries, from landed benefices to the emergence of gereditary land tenure, the settlement of the districts and the process of territorialisation 7. Reflection of the process of territorialisation of the nobility: private church donations and foundations, the early use of predicates, Romanesque tribunal churches and early feudal settlements 8. The legal anchoring of private land tenure - the statutes of Prince Konrad Ota and their problems, the outcome of the process of property "privatization" in the 13th century 9. The development of the property tenure of the nobility - the emergence of large property dominions (the Hrabišici, the Markvartici, the Ronovci, the Vítkovci) 10. On the torigins of noble castles, nobility and the city - building process 11. Other manifestations of self-identification: family signs, coats of arms, seals, family necropolises, tombstones 12. The beginnings of the differentiation of the nobility - from milites secundi ordinis to minor nobility in the service of the monarch or great feudal lords - the fief system and manorial service. Residences of the minor nobility - fortresses and courts 13. Nobility in the Bohemian state of the High Middle Ages, camerarius regis - camerarius regni - from court functions to provincial offices, from princely colloquia to provincial assemblies. Origin of the procincial court and procincial boards. The state-forming role of the nobility during the political crises of 1278-1283 and 1306-1310. The nobility aand the regional system 14. Courtlyknightly culture of the High Middle Ages and its reflection in the noble environment
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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unspecified, unspecified, unspecified
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the course is to present students with an up-to-date view of the origins of the Bohemian medieval nobility (from the eearly Slavic elites, through the companions in the early medieval state of the Přemyslids, to the constitution of the high medieval landed nobility) and to point out the difficulties of its study and the diversity of opinions of historians dealing with this problem.
The student will learn about the development of elites in the Czech environment from the early Slavic period to the High Middle Ages (13th-14th century). He/she will get an idea of the sources available to medievalists for the studi of this issue and will understand that their testimony is not unambiguous and also leads to different interpretations. They will learn that the development of the elites in the environment of the first state formations in our territory (Great Moravia and then the Bohemian Přemyslid state) cannot be traced without taking into account the influences from the environment of the Frankish Empire and later the restored Roman Empire under the rulers of the Ottonian, Saxon and Staffa dynasties. They will get acquainted in detail with the process of transformation of the retinue elites, whose leaders and rank-and-file members were recruited mainly from the family clans and derived their status both from their authority within the clans and especially from their service to the ruler, not only as warriors but also in court offices or in the castle administration. With the gradual increase in land tenure during the internal colonisation of the country in the 11th and especially 12th centuries, members of the elite began to build their own residences - manors, also equipped with proprietary churches. The process of transformation into the medieval nobility cluminated during the 13th century, when a gradual division into the upper and lower nobility also took placce.
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Prerequisites
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Czech and general history of Middle Ages
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Assessment methods and criteria
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unspecified
In order to be awarded credit, a two-page written test is required, testing elementary knowledge from the lectures. In addition, a short interview will be conducted to test knowledge of two titles of recommended reading.
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Recommended literature
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BOK, V. Moravo, Čechy, radujte se! (němečtí a rakouští básníci v českých zemích za posledních Přemyslovců). Praha, 1998.
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CARDINI, F. Válečník a rytíř, in: Středověký člověk a jeho svět, eds. J. Le Goff, (s. 69-99). Praha, 1999.
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KLÁPŠTĚ, J. Proměna českých zemí ve středověku. Praha, 2005.
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M. BLÁHOVÁ, J. FROLÍK, N. PROFANTOVÁ. Velké dějiny zemí koruny české I. (do roku 1197). Praha-Litomyšl, 1999.
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MACEK, J. Česká středověká šlechta. Praha, 1996.
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SEDLÁČEK, A. Atlasy erbů a pečetí české a moravské středověké šlechty, ed. Vladimír Růžek, sv. 1-5. Praha, 2001.
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TŘEŠTÍK, D. Počátky Přemyslovců. Praha, 1997.
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TŘEŠTÍK, D. Vznik Velké Moravy - Moravané, Čechové a střední Evropa 791 - 871. Praha, 2001.
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VANÍČEK,V. Velké dějiny zemí České koruny III.. Praha-Litomyšl, 2002.
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VANÍČEK,V. Velké dějiny zemí České koruny II.. Praha-Litomyšl, 2000.
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VELÍMSKÝ, T. Hrabišici. Páni z Rýzmburka. Praha, 2002.
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VELÍMSKÝ, T. Páni ze Svojšína. Praha, 2013.
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VELÍMSKÝ, T. Trans montes, ad fontes! K roli újezdů při středověké kolonizaci středních a vyšších poloh na území severozápadních Čech. Most, 1998.
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WOJCIECH, I. Po stopách rytířských příběhů. Praha, 2001.
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ŽEMLIČKA, J. Čechy v době knížecí 1034 - 1198. Praha, 1997.
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ŽEMLIČKA, J. Počátky Čech královských 1198-1253. Praha, 2002.
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