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Lecturer(s)
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Konrádová Veronika, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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1. Introduction: the origin of philosophy in ancient Greece in the 6th century BC; cultural and religious background of philosophy; myth and logos; philosophical approach to the world. 2. Presocratics: the oldest Greek thought, periodization; doxography and textual evidence; philosophical topics. 3. Natural philosophy: the arche and the world order (Milesians, Parmenides, Heraclitus, Pythagoras, Empedocles, Anaxagoras, Atomists); identity and difference; the relationship between thinking and being; the scope and limits of human knowledge (Xenophanes, Democritus). 4. Sophistry: the role of speech in public life; rhetoric and the power of speech; civic education and arete; sophistic relativism: epistemic relativism and relativism of values; physis and nomos; political and ethical topics in Sophistry. 5. Socrates: historical and literary figure; Sophistic vs Socratic discussion: eristics vs elenchos; ethical intellectualism; "I know that I know nothing"; the trial (Apology); followers of Socrates. 6. Plato: Plato's writing: dialogical form; unwritten doctrines and the Tübingen School; the dialogical nature of understanding (Gadamer); the form and theme of Plato's dialogues; Plato's critique of Sophists. 7. Plato's metaphysics and epistemology: the difference between knowledge and opinion (episteme and doxa) in Plato's dialogues (the Geometry Lesson in the Meno); knowledge and recollection (anamnesis); Plato's similes in the Republic (the Sun, the Line and the Cave); ti esti; ideas and individuals. 8. Plato: ethics and politics; the concept of the soul and the "care for the soul"; justice in the Republic; political models in the Republic and the Laws; classification of constitutional types. 9. Aristotle: philosophical method; classification of philosophical disciplines and foundations of science; polemic with philosophical predecessors; logic; categories: substance and accident. 10. Aristotle's metaphysics and epistemology: Aristotle's "first philosophy"; interpretation of change and movement in terms of dynamis/energeia and hyle/morfe; accidental and substantial change; causality; Aristotelian image of the physical world. 11. Aristotle: ethics and politics; good life and arete; ethical and intellectual virtues; man as a political animal (zoon politikon); constitutional theory. 12. Hellenism and late antiquity: philosophical thinking in a new cultural and political context; Stoics; Epicureans; Sceptics. 13. The legacy of classical Greek philosophy in Neoplatonism; Plotinus.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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unspecified, unspecified, unspecified, unspecified
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Learning outcomes
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The course focuses on ancient philosophy and the systematic interpretation of key topics in ontology, epistemology, and ethics. Theory-based lectures are supplemented by seminar reading, which complements, clarifies and deepens the understanding of essential topics with the help of selected primary texts. Seminar reading is based on active work with the text (recapitulation, analysis, discussion).
Learning outcomes: students will acquire the following academic knowledge: - can characterize the specifics of philosophy as an independent discipline - is familiar with academic terminology - can define fundamental lines of philosophical questioning - can describe selected philosophical problems in various areas of philosophical inquiry - can set the most relevant issues of individual philosophical disciplines in a historical context
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Prerequisites
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none
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Assessment methods and criteria
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unspecified
The exam consists of a discussion on seminar paper and oral examination. A seminar paper on a selected topic must have a length of 5 pages (+/- 9000 characters, including spaces); the oral examination will be based on issues presented during the lectures.
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Recommended literature
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Aristotelés. Metafyzika; Rezek. Praha, 2008. ISBN 80-86027-27-9.
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Graeser, A. Řecká filosofie klasického období, Oikúmené, Praha. 2000.
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Heidegger, M. Aristotelova Metafyzika IX, 1-3 OIKÚMENÉ, Praha. 2001.
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Hussey, E. Presokratici, Rezek, Praha. 1997.
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Kirk, G.S., Raven, J.E., Schofield, M. (eds.). Předsókratovští filosofové. Praha, 2004.
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Lear, J. Aristotelés. Touha rozumět. Praha, 2016.
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Long, A. Hellénistická filosofie. Praha, 2003. ISBN 80-7298-077-7.
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Platón. Sebrané spisy. Praha, 2003. ISBN 80-7298-067-X.
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Platón. Ústava. OIKOYMENH, Praha, 2014. ISBN 8072985043.
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Ricken, F. Antická filosofie. Olomouc, 1999. ISBN 80-7182-092-X.
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Schmidinger, H. Úvod do metafyziky; OIKOYMNEH. Praha, 2012. ISBN 978-80-7298-417-6.
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Svoboda, K. Zlomky předsokratovských myslitelů. Praha, 1989.
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Vernant. Počátky řeckého myšlení, Praha. 1992.
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