The course will focus on fundamental and advanced physical description of magnetic properties of solids, thin films and nanostructures. The course will cover the following topics: 1. Diamagnetism and paramagnetism vs the free electron model, magnetic moments of elements with d- and f-electrons, the relation between electronic structure and magnetic moment, orbital, spin and total magnetic moment. 2. Interaction of magnetic moments - the interaction of d- and f-electrons with crystal field, magnetocrystal anisotropy, exchange interactions, and the origin of magnetic ordering (Ising and Heisenberg models). 3. Magnetic ordering - types of magnetic ordering, magnetic structures, magnetic phase transitions, critical phenomena, bulk and surface magnetism. 4. Experimental methods for studying the magnetism of substances - bulk methods, spectroscopic methods, neutron and muon scattering. 5. Observing magnetic domains - magneto-optical methods, transmission-electron microscopy, mechanical microscanning techniques 6. Influence of particle size on magnetic behaviour, domain structure, superferromagnetism (Stoner-Wolhfarth model). 7. New types of magnetic materials - nanomaterials, thin films and multilayers, permanent magnets, antiferromagnetics. 8. Applications of magnetic materials - magnetic recording, targeted drug transport, contrast agents for NMR, applications for sensor design, and removal of contaminants from the environment. Literature: 1. K, B. Tamayo, Magnetic Properties of Solids (Material Science and Technologies Series), Nova Science Publishers Inc., (2009). 2. I. Stoica, A. R. Abraham, A. K. Haghi, Modern Magnetic Materials: Properties and Applications, Apple Academic Press Inc., (2023). 3. V. Franco, B. Dodrill, Magnetic Measurement Techniques for Materials Characterization, Springer, (2021). 4. A. Hubert, R. Schäfer, Magnetic Domains, The Analysis of Magnetic Microstructures, Springer, (2009).
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