The course focuses on the description of the chemical and physical properties of a wide variety of materials (metals, glasses, ceramics, polymers), and their use under extreme conditions and in harsh environments. The application of such materials is in various industries (semiconducting, additive manufacturing), biomaterials (implants), in environmental applications (sensing). The extreme conditions may include high temperature, high pressure, high mechanical stress and loads (fatigue and creep), extremely corrosive environments (including body fluids) and environments full of chemicals and toxic gasses. The extreme environment of high radiation fields (tomography devices, space, nuclear - fusion and fission - industry) will be explored as well. This will be discussed for specific well-studied examples. Students will learn the relationships between atomistic and physico-chemical changes in materials exposed to different conditions, they will understand the mechanisms, how to control them, and how to select materials based on the expected operational conditions. The topics explored will be: 1. Materials exposed to high pressures, temperatures and deformation. 2. Materials for extremely corrosive environments. 3. Materials for chemically active environments. 4. Polymeric nanocomposites for structural applications. 5. Glass and glass-ceramic composites for extreme conditions (vacuum and high-temperature applications). 6. Hard protective coatings for tribological applications. 7. Intermetallics and alloys for high-temperature applications. 8. Borides, carbides, nitrides and their applications for extreme conditions. 9. High-temperature ceramics. 10. Materials under radiation. 11. Extreme plastic deformation of materials. Literature: 1. A. K. Tyagi, S. Banerjee, Materials Under Extreme Conditions: Recent Trends and Future Prospects, Elsevier, (2017). 2. R. Bini, V. Schettino, Materials Under Extreme Conditions, World Scientific, (2014). 3. R. J. M. Konings, Comprehensive Nuclear Materials, 2nd Ed., Elsevier, (2020). 4. S. Eswarappa Prameela et al., Materials for extreme environments. Nat. Rev. Mater. 8 (2023) 81. 5. D.K. Schreiber et al., Materials properties characterization in the most extreme environments. MRS Bulletin 47 (2022) 1128.
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