1. Methods of signal measurements and data processing via single-purpose hardware devices and PC computers Importance of analogue circuits in the frame of digital data processing, dynamic measurements (periodical signal and one-time process measurements, sampling frequency Nyquist frequency, frequency band of measurement signal ? frequency filters, sampling below Nyquist frequency). Autonomous and distribute measuring systems, PC as measuring and control unit ? plug-in measuring boards and PC mother board (structure and its possibility of application), galvanic separation of measuring signals (isolating amplifier with transformer, capacity and opto-electronical bond, conversion DC signals via U/f and f/U convertors), methods of conversion linearity arranging, multiplex units (signal processing from more inputs), sample circuits (sample/hold unit), instrumentation amplifier with programmable amplification, D/A and A/D convertors (principles of convertors application, methods of AD conversion ? convertors with double integration, convertor with progressive approximation, parallel convertor). Data loading in memory during measurement (data relocation on the base interruption system). 2. Operational amplifiers and its applications for analogue signal processing Ideal operational amplifier (OA) properties, sources of disturbing signals at real OA (input voltage asymmetry, resting input current, input current asymmetry, conversion characteristic ? dynamic of conversion), basic circuits with OA (invert amplifier, non-invert amplifier, voltage duplicate, differential ? instrumental amplifier, derivation amplifier, integration amplifier, logarithmic amplifier), protection of OA against overload of OA input and output, voltage asymmetry and resting input current OA compensation, grounding and shading of OA, resistance to disturbance via capacitive and inductive band. 3. Control systems and regulators Basic of regulation and control of technological and laboratory processes (block diagram of regulator ? regulation circuit, discrete, continuous and hybrid regulation circuit ? sample period during direct digital regulation, analogue regulator, distribute systems. Type of regulator - binary regulator, proportional (P), integral (I), derivation (D) and PID regulator, adaptive regulator, stability and response of regulator system, traffic delay. Control of technological processes (run ? up and run ? down of technological system, arrangement of emergency situation ? Real Time System (Watch Dog). Hardware dependability of control system ? resistance to disturbance, industrial computers (protection of control system against vibrations, cooling with air filtration, backup source). 4. Basic of fuzzy logic for control systems Differences between binary and fuzzy logic, three level logic. Fuzzy set ? definition, universum x degree of veracity, degree of affiliation. Basic operation with fuzzy sets (intersection, unification, complement).Application of fuzzy logic, fuzzy logic in control applications (procedure of system design ? fuzzyfication, evaluation of principles and criterions, defuzzyfication (method of center of gravity)).
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