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Lecturer(s)
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Mareš Vladislav, doc. MUDr. DrSc.
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Course content
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The course deals with basic functions of animals with special accent on mammals. The Course is divided into 9 lecture and lab session blocks. Previous knowledge of cell and tissue structure and functioning (General Zoology Course) is necessary. Block 1: Animal body organs, their functional hiearchy and integration. Homeostasis. Block 2: Iritability, excitability and integrative function of the nervous system Physiology of neuron (action potential, synaptic transmission, neuronal networks). Phylogenetic and comparative aspects of the nervous system. Functional anatomy of vertebrate spinal cord and brain incl. man. Peripheral nerves and their funcion. Somatic and autonomic regulations. Sensoric functions. Higher nervous activity Block 3: Body motorics Functional morphology of skeletal and smooth muscle cells Motor units. Types of muscle contraction. The main groups of body muscles and their functioning. Types of movement. Mechanisms of the voluntary movement Block 4: Hormonal regulations Signalling molecules, their classification and receptors. Transduction and intracellular propagation of hormonal signals. Hormones and the feedback regulation of the their levels. Endocrine glands and their specific hormones. Phylogenetic and comparative aspects of endocrines regulations. Hormonal regulation of metabolism, growth and reproduction. Growth Factors, their sources and effects. Stress and the General Adaptation Syndrom. Block 5: Immune reactions and functional morphology of the immune system Immune reaction cells and molecules. Non-specific and specific immunity. Primary and secondary immune organs. Humoral and T-cell mediated immunity. Immune diseases (AIDS, allergies, infertility etc). Block 6: Metabolism, nutrition and excretion Metabolic pathways and intermediary metabolism. Basal metabolism. Food intake and functional morphology of gastrointestinal systém. Phylogenetic and comparative aspects. Fuctional morphology of kidneys. Phylogenetic and comparative aspects of excretory functions Block 7: Blood circulation and respiration Phylogenetic and comparative aspects. Functional morphology of heart and circulation system. Blood pressure and its regulation. Blood and extracelular fluid. Respiration in air and water medium. Transport of gasses. Regulation of respiration. Block 8: Thermoregulation and biorhytms The energy sources and expenditure. Shaking and non-shaking thermoregulation. Seasonal, diurnal and circahorial rhytms and their generation in the body and cells Block 9: Reproduction Gametogenesis and fertilization. Phylogenetic and comparative aspects. Sexual behavior. Hormonal and nervous regulation mechanisms. Principles of anticonception
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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unspecified
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Learning outcomes
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The aim is to provide information on function of organs and their systems in various animal species and man with special attention to the integrative role of the nervous, endocrine and immune systems. Principles and exercising of basic laboratory techniques for functional monitoring of selected organs by real and simulation approaches are included.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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unspecified
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Recommended literature
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Starší použitelné učebnice po doplnění novými poznatky: Fyziologie živočichů v Obecné biologii, Romanovský a kol.1985, str. 376-484 a str. 305-312. Zoologie 3. díl, O. Pravda a kol. 1982.
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Despapulos A. et al. Color Atlas of Physiology. 2003.
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Ganong W.F. Rewiew of Medical Physiology. 2005.
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Hruška M. Fyziologie živočichů a člověka, Gaudeamus, H.K.. 1994.
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M. Schreiber. Funkční somatologie, H&H, 1998..
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Mader S. Biology. 2005.
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Pokorný J. Přehled Fyziologie člověka I. a II. díl, Karolínum 1995/6 nebo 2001/2002..
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R. Rokyta. Základy fyziologie člověka, Praha. 2000.
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R.F. Schmidt. Memorix-Fyziologie, 1993 nebo 1999.
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Šimek V. et al. Fyziologie živočichů a člověka, P.F., Masarykova Univerzita, Brno. 1996.
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Trojan a kol. Lékařská Fyziologie. Grada 1995/6 nebo 2000.
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Vácha M. Srovnávací fyziologie živočichů. 2004.
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