1. Introductory lecture - the concepts and terms of restoration and conservation in the practice of the state care of historical monuments The differences between Czech and foreign contents of the restoration and conservation concepts during the 20th century, the unclear character of the current legal definition, the role of an expert conservationist in the cooperation with a restorer, ethical codices of restorers and conservationists, prevention care of collection items 2. Stone in the practice of sculpture and applied arts in the Czech lands, characteristics of the basic rocks Explaining the individual basic types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, metamorphosed, historically used rocks and their quarries in the stone-cutting and stone-sculpting production of North Bohemia including their qualities, imported rocks, difficult availability of rocks from mined deposits, current sources 3. North-Bohemian Baroque stone sculptures, colour surface finishing of stone sculptures The local tradition of the stone-sculptural craft during the 17th century, J. Brokoff, A. F. Kitzinger, F. Tollinger, high-Baroque impulses of F. A. Kuen, M. B. Braun and F. M. Brokoff and their influence on the regional upswing of Baroque stone-sculptural production in the works by E. J. Richter, J. A. Dietz, M. Kühnel and others, Classicizing influences, historical colour finishing of stone sculptures and the arrival of the aesthetics of natural stone 4. Basic causes of damage of stone artefacts, restoration research Degrading physical, chemical and biological influences, influences of inappropriate restoration interventions, their expressions and consequences, the necessity of outlining the goal and purpose of restoration research in relation to preserving the authentic qualities of the restored work (research of salinity, stratigraphy of finishing etc.) and in relation to formulating restoration intention 5. The process of cleaning and consolidating stone artefacts Characteristics of the individual methods of stone surface cleaning including particular impact on the cleaned object and the authenticity of both the material and the art-historical values, the necessity to rectify the cleaning process by the supervision from the side of the care of historical monuments, circumstances of the pre-consolidation and bio-reconstruction, the methods and materials of reinforcing stone in the past 6. Current methods of reinforcing stone artefacts Orientation overview of the consolidants and methods (spraying, surface impregnation, petrification under low pressure) applied from the latter half of the 20th century for the sake of reinforcing various sedimentary and metamorphosed rocks, requirements on their qualities, possible consequences and the necessity of considerate application 7. Final restoration interpretation (retouches, hydrophobization), the issue of works in a solid rock Respecting the principle of the local character of retouches or blue-coating contrast reduction, the possibilities of reconstructing historical colour finishing, water-repellent treatment and the principles of its application, the relation between a stone-sculptural monument and its environment, the specifics of works in solid rock, fountains, the limited possibilities of their consolidation, the protecting shelters 8. Stucco and the development of stuccowork to the period of early Baroque. The earliest documents of stucco techniques from the Classical Antiquity, the withdrawal and reduction of its methods during Middle Ages, the technique of "cast stone", renaissance of techniques of Classical-Antiquity stucco during high Renaissance, the dominance of the Italian stuccoers in the Cisalpine during Renaissance and early Baroque, the expansion of stucco decoration and its incorporation to the overall artistic interior decoration. 9. The development of stuccowork from Baroque to the present II Inspirations of the Roman high-Baroque sculpture, combining stucco and other materials, scagliola, art
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The aim of the subject is to introduce students to the issue of conservation and restoration in general and with regard to the basic (inorganic) materials and spheres of works of art and applied arts. It will present the basic methods, the shaping and the methodical principles of consolidation, research and possibility of interpretation.
The graduates from the course have basic knowledge of the specifics of the damage of the material substance of works of art and applied arts of the above-mentioned materials (specific contaminations of stone, the issue of maintaining stone artefacts in solid rock, the issue of vast and unsolved transfers, etc.). They are orientated in and can, in part, also independently work with written and documentation material serving as a support for broadening the knowledge about a work designated for a conservationist and restoration intervention (historical contracts, inventories of religious sculptures and crucifixes, official written documents, restoration reports, documentation photographs, restoration laboratory researches, saints? legends, etc.). They can, for example, employ this information for nailing down the missing iconographic details of a particular work of art, technologies used in the past, outlining of the untouchable values of a work, its complements and so on. Graduation from the course facilitates broader knowledge and deeper information in the field of working with sources and professional literature on history and the subject of historical interventions and changes on a work of art designated for restoration, including training knowledge from modern palaeography and contemporary terminology. In the sense of an attempt at supplementing the iconological interpretation of a work of art and broadening the knowledge about technologies, the required education can enrich the sphere of art history as well as the hitherto little researched field of studying the consequences of restoration interventions carried out in the past. The graduates will mainly employ the acquired knowledge and information in the sphere of practical care of cultural monuments and collections (observing an optimum regime of maintenance and continuous care). Besides, they will apply many pieces of information in the framework of art-historical and cultural-historical research mainly in regional conditions on concrete examples in the framework of seminary exercises and will, to the maximum extent possible, also gain some knowledge in the framework of the field practice - e.g., cleaning, consolidation of plasters and stuccos and fixation of colour layers in cooperation with a restorer.
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